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used in environments where network management is needed. Because NTP control messages are not
essential for clock synchronization, they are not described in this document.
A clock synchronization message is encapsulated in a UDP message in the format shown in Figure 6.
Figure 6 Clock synchronization message format
The main fields are described as follows:
• LI (Leap Indicator)—A 2-bit leap indicator. If set to 11, it warns of an alarm condition (clock
unsynchronized). If set to any other value, it is not to be processed by NTP.
• VN (Version Number)—A 3-bit version number that indicates the version of NTP. The latest version
is version 4.
• Mode—A 3-bit code that indicates the operation mode of NTP. This field can be set to these values:
{ 0—Reserved.
{ 1—Symmetric active.
{ 2—Symmetric passive.
{ 3—Client.
{ 4—Server.
{ 5—Broadcast or multicast.
{ 6—NTP control message.
{ 7—Reserved for private use.
• Stratum—An 8-bit integer that indicates the stratum level of the local clock, with the value ranging
from 1 to 16. Clock precision decreases from stratum 1 through stratum 16. A stratum 1 clock has
the highest precision, and a stratum 16 clock is not synchronized.
• Poll—An 8-bit signed integer that indicates the maximum interval between successive messages,
which is called the poll interval.
• Precision—An 8-bit signed integer that indicates the precision of the local clock.
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